How to Sustain Growth in a Resource Based Economy? : The Main Concepts and their Application to the Russian Case

Rudiger Ahrend

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

关键词: economic growth;    natural resources;    diversification;    resource curse;    fiscal policy;    oil;    monetary policy;    Russia;    capital flight;    transition;    dutch disease;   

DOI  :  https://doi.org/10.1787/622880627053

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: OECD iLibrary

【 摘 要 】

In recent years economists have come to see rich natural resource endowments as a ?curse? or ?precious bane? that inevitably undermines development and slows economic growth. Resource-based development undeniably involves important risks. Nonetheless, the resource curse - if it exists - is at least no fatalité, as the examples of Australia, Canada and the Scandinavian countries demonstrate. This paper argues that the serious challenges posed by resource-dependence, which include an increased vulnerability to external shocks, the risk of ?Dutch disease?, and the risk of developing specific institutional pathologies, can be overcome, or at least very substantially mitigated, if accompanied by the right economic policies. It then analyses in detail what these ?right? economic policies are, and how to set up economic and political framework conditions to facilitate their successful implementation. The paper thereafter looks specifically at Russia as a prominent example of a resource-based economy. It investigates briefly the main drivers of Russian growth in recent years, and makes specific recommendations that would help the Russian economy to sustain high growth.