Revisiting personal income tax in Latin America : Evolution and impact

Alberto Barreixi ; Juan Carlos Benítezii ; Miguel Pechoiii iInter-American Development BankiiOECD Development CentreiiiInter-American Center of Tax Administrations

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

关键词: Personal income tax;    wage distribution;    tax exemptions;    tax deductions;    tax system;   

DOI  :  https://doi.org/10.1787/16d42b4a-en

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: OECD iLibrary

【 摘 要 】

This study documents the process through which standard tax reliefs and tax allowances reduce the taxable base of the Personal Income Tax (PIT) in Latin American countries by using the models developed in Taxing Wages in Latin America and the Caribbean 2016. The theoretical estimations on the personal income tax are complemented with data from the tax administrations. The study finds that the PIT is progressive, but only paid by a small proportion of formal high-wage earning individuals. On average, more than 80% of the PIT is paid by the richest ten per cent of the population but at average effective rates below the region’s average statutory minimum tax schedule rate. The combination of these factors results in the PIT having a scant revenue-raising capacity and a meagre impact on income redistribution.