Encouraging Environmentally Sustainable Growth : Experience in OECD Countries

Paul O’Brien ; Ann Vourc'h

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

关键词: environmental policy;    natural resource policies;    sustainable development;   

DOI  :  https://doi.org/10.1787/046738633224

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: OECD iLibrary

【 摘 要 】

Clean air, clean water, fewer toxic emissions and less household waste are among the key environmental policy objectives that most OECD governments have been pursuing over the past three decades. This effort to take more account of the environmental costs of economic growth has been pursued in a variety of ways in different countries, and has evolved over time with policy instruments that may be technical standards, emission prohibition, tradable permits, taxes, voluntary agreements and many others. This paper surveys aspects of environmental and natural resource policy in a number of OECD countries paying particular attention to how countries succeed in conducting cost-effective and consistent policies in the environment and natural resource areas, not on environmental policy or outcomes per se. Four common themes emerged: attempts to design institutions or processes to achieve co-ordination across policies and sectors; certain sectors where policies make environmental objectives ...