World Development Report 2011 : Conflict, Security, and Development

World Bank

World Bank

关键词: AGGLOMERATION BENEFITS;    AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES;    AGRICULTURE;    AIR;    AIR FREIGHT;   

DOI  :  10.1596/978-0-8213-8439-8
RP-ID  :  58988

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

The 2011 World development report looksacross disciplines and experiences drawn from around theworld to offer some ideas and practical recommendations onhow to move beyond conflict and fragility and securedevelopment. The key messages are important for allcountries-low, middle, and high income-as well as forregional and global institutions: first, institutionallegitimacy is the key to stability. When state institutionsdo not adequately protect citizens, guard againstcorruption, or provide access to justice; when markets donot provide job opportunities; or when communities have lostsocial cohesion-the likelihood of violent conflictincreases. Second, investing in citizen security, justice,and jobs is essential to reducing violence. But there aremajor structural gaps in our collective capabilities tosupport these areas. Third, confronting this challengeeffectively means that institutions need to change.International agencies and partners from other countriesmust adapt procedures so they can respond with agility andspeed, a longer-term perspective, and greater staying power.Fourth, need to adopt a layered approach. Some problems canbe addressed at the country level, but others need to beaddressed at a regional level, such as developing marketsthat integrate insecure areas and pooling resources forbuilding capacity Fifth, in adopting these approaches, needto be aware that the global landscape is changing. Regionalinstitutions and middle income countries are playing alarger role. This means should pay more attention tosouth-south and south-north exchanges, and to the recenttransition experiences of middle income countries.