Disasters are increasing worldwide, withmore devastating effects than ever before. While theabsolute number of disasters around the world has almostdoubled since the 1980s, the average number of naturaldisasters in Middle East and North Africa (MNA) has almosttripled over the same period of time. In the MNA, theinterplay of natural disasters, rapid urbanization, waterscarcity, and climate change has emerged as a seriouschallenge for policy and planning. Projections byclimatologists and United Nations specialists suggest thatMNA economies and livelihoods will be the second mostaffected by climate change. Governments across the regionhave seen a progressive increase in demand for comprehensivedisaster risk management (DRM) services. Since 2007, a rangeof country-level programs have been launched in Djibouti,Morocco, and the Republic of Yemen to increase theirresilience to disasters due to Global Facility for DisasterReduction and Recovery (GFDRR). Decentralization of the DRMagenda has progressed slowly, although some countries aremaking a progressive shift. This report aims to take stockof progress in risk management in MNA, while identifyinggaps for future interventions, to broaden the dialogue for amore proactive and collaborative management of risks. Thisreport builds on the strategic vision, principles, and goalsof the MNA region's countries; the Islamic Strategy forDisaster Risk Reduction and Management (ISDRRM); the MNAstrategic framework for climate action; and the WorldBank's strategy update for MNA. This report aims toestablish a more strategic and collaborative frameworkbetween the World Bank and its international partners,particularly United Nations International Strategy forDisaster Reduction (UNISDR) and UN Development Program(UNDP), in order to assist MNA countries to shift fromdisaster response to proactive risk management.
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