Building Engines for Growth andCompetitiveness in China : Experience with Special EconomicZones and Industrial Clusters

Zeng, Douglas Zhihua

World Bank

关键词: ACCOUNTING;    ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL;    ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEM;    BANK LOANS;    BENCHMARKS;   

DOI  :  10.1596/978-0-8213-8432-9
RP-ID  :  56447

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

China's meteoric economic rise overthe past three decades is an unprecedented "growthmiracle" in human history. Since the Open Door policyand reforms that began in 1978, China's gross domesticproduct (GDP) has been growing at an average annual rate ofmore than 9 percent, with its global share increasing from 1percent in 1980 to almost 6.5 percent in 2008 and its percapita GDP increasing from US$193 to US$3,263. Total exportshave been growing at an average annual rate of 13 percent(21.5 percent from 1998 to 2007), with China's share oftotal exports increasing from 1.7 percent in 1980 to 9.5percent in 2008. In 2007, China's incremental growth inreal GDP actually exceeded its entire real GDP in 1979. In2010, China is set to outpace Japan and become theworld's second-largest economy. China has indisputablybecome an important growth engine of the global economy anda leader in international trade and investment. Rapid growthin the past decades has helped lift more than 400 millionpeople out of poverty. These results are truly impressive.While China's rapid rise has become a hot topic fordevelopment debate among policy makers, business people, andscholars all over the world, the numerous special economiczones (SEZs) and industrial clusters that have sprung upsince the reforms are undoubtedly two important engines fordriving the country's growth.