The returns to investments in earlychildhood development (ECD) are manifold and can includeimproved school readiness, reduced drop-out rates, higherlabor force productivity and greater social cohesion.Despite these high returns, enrollment in early childhoodeducation is just 18 percent across Africa, withdisproportionately high enrollment from children in urbanareas and from wealthier families. Interactive AudioInstruction (IAI) is a distance learning technology that candeliver low-cost, culturally appropriate education via radioor mobile audio technology. It is a highly effective tool toreach children who can be hard to reach through conventionalprograms, including the rural poor and children withdisabilities. IAI can also be an effective form of servicedelivery in unstable and conflict-affected regions.