Agricultural Price Distortions,Inequality, and Poverty

Anderson, Kym ; Cockburn, John ; Martin, Will

World Bank

关键词: AGRICULTURE;    Agricultural Price Distortions;    Inequality;    Poverty;   

DOI  :  10.1596/978-0-8213-8184-7
RP-ID  :  53879

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

For decades, the earnings from farmingin many developing countries have been depressed because ofa pro-urban, anti-agricultural bias in own-country policiesand because governments in more well off countries arefavoring their farmers by imposing import barriers andproviding subsidies. These policies have reduced nationaland global economic welfare, inhibited economic growth, andadded to inequality and poverty because no less thanthree-quarters of the billion poorest people in the worldhave been dependent directly or indirectly on farming fortheir livelihoods (World Bank 2007). The purpose of the restof this chapter is to outline the analytical framework andthe common empirical methodology adopted in the global andnational case studies reported in subsequent chapters, tosummarize and compare the modeling results from the globaland national models, and to draw some general policyimplications. The findings are based on three chapters (parttwo) that each use a global model to examine the effects offarm and nonfarm price and trade policies on global povertyand the distribution of poverty within and across many ofthe countries identified, plus ten individualdeveloping-country studies (parts three-five) spanning thethree key regions: Asia (where nearly two-thirds of theworld's poor live), Sub-Saharan Africa, and Latin America.