The prevalence of heavy goods vehicleoverloading across Sub-Saharan Africa has been a matter ofconcern for some time. The overloading leads to rapiddeterioration of road pavements and imposes a heavy cost onsome of poorest countries in the world. The countries areforced to spend ever increasing amounts on roadrehabilitation. Consequently, unless the problem is tackledeffectively, there will be no sustainable improvement in thecondition of the road network across much of the region. TheCommon Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA),Southern African Development Community (SADC) and theSouthern Africa Office of the United Nations EconomicCommission for Africa (UNECA) working under the RegionalEconomic Communities Transport Coordinating Committeeestablished under the Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) TransportPolicy Program (SSATP) have identified vehicle overloadcontrol as one of the priority areas to be addressed intheir 2006-07 work program. The high magnitude of whatessentially are avoidable costs due to overloadingunderscores the importance of dealing effectively with anumber of perceived challenges in overload control. In thisregard, this paper identifies and addresses various lessonslearnt, key issues and challenges, emerging good practiceand technical options for dealing with various aspects ofoverload control in the Eastern and Southern Africa (ESA)region as a basis for improving the efficiency of transportoperations and facilitating trade along regional transport corridors.