This strategy for making developmentClimate-Resilient in Sub-Saharan Africa is the WorldBank's operational response to climate variability andchange on the continent. Grounded in a climate risk reviewof the Africa Region's sustainable developmentportfolio, it adds the climate change dimension to theRegion's development strategy and business plan, theAfrica Action Plan (AAP, 2009-2012), and will be an integralpart of the AAP in the future. The AAP and the climatechange strategy are a sound and realistic framework forclimate-resilient development in Sub-Saharan Africa. Thestrategy is based on the premise that increased climatevariability threatens the development gains of Africancountries, and that these effects need to be anticipated sothat development efforts can be made more resilient toclimate change. Climate has always featured prominently inAfrican development, and people across the continent havebeen living with and adapting to a high degree of climatevariability and its associated risks for many centuries. Yetthe accelerated changes in the climate and increasingincidence of climatic disasters (floods, droughts, cyclones)during the last century, and the scientific consensus thatAfrica is the continent most vulnerable and least able tocope with these changes, have brought these risks intosharper focus, and made the need to address them more urgent.