Geography of Growth : SpatialEconomics and Competitiveness

Nallari, Raj ; Griffith, Breda ; Yusuf, Shahid

World Bank

关键词: AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES;    BARRIOS;    BUSINESS SERVICES;    CENTRAL BANK;    CITY POPULATION;   

DOI  :  10.1596/978-0-8213-9486-1
RP-ID  :  68360

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

This volume is organized as follows.Chapter one address two questions: how has spatialconcentration evolved with growth and development, and whatare the efficiency implications of too much or too littlespatial concentration? This chapter summarizes the variousmodels that analyze growth by geographic concentration andsets the foundation for concepts discussed in laterchapters. Chapter two focuses on urbanization ingeographies. Chapter three correlates urban presence witheconomic density in developed and developing countries. Itinitially focuses on how urban transition and growth areblurring the rural-urban divide and the unprecedented volumeof people who are moving to urban areas. Chapter fourdiscusses how different industries inhabit and impactvarious urban sectors. Chapter five contextualizes urbangrowth in the current technological landscape as innovation,particularly in information technology, has become criticalto increasing productivity and consequently growth. Chaptersix further analyzes urbanization in the current globalcontext, specifically, the impact of globalization andindustry clusters on urbanization. Chapter seven addresses acurrent fundamental global trend: why has urbanization beengrowing rapidly since the 1950s? Some theories suggest thatit is industry that spurs urbanization and consequentlygrowth in infrastructure; however this is not the case.Instead, the chapter concludes by looking at data acrossregions and cities, the municipalities are pivotal ininfluencing infrastructure development and growth in urbancenters. Finally, chapter eight deciphers why some citiesare more successful than others. Why do Karachi and SaoPaulo have the human capital that qualifies them as urbancenters but not as thriving cities? By citing examples ofsuccessful cities, this chapter provides policyrecommendations on how to make a city competitive intoday's economy.