Cities have long held a central place ofimportance in society as hubs of commerce, culture, andpolitical power. Because of climate change, however, theclustering together of large numbers of people and highlevels of economic activity also creates vulnerabilities. InRomania, where the urbanization rate is roughly 55 percent,the Government of Romania has commissioned this advisoryservices report from the World Bank to explore how tooperationalize an urban climate strategy within thestructure of the European Union's new 2014-2020operating program. This report presents the results for therapid assessment of the current state of (and opportunitiesfor improved) urban climate planning in Romania; what isknown about how cities in Romania contribute to climatechange; and how cities in Romania will be affected byclimate change. To complete this rapid assessment, the WorldBank team relied on an extensive literature review andin-person, semi-structured interviews with more than twodozen central and local government officials, private sectorexperts, academics, and civil society organizationsknowledgeable about climate change topics in Romania. Thedepth of this rapid assessment was necessarily limited bythe short time frame available to carry out the research,and by data gaps on local climate planning activities, localgreenhouse gas (GHG) emission levels, and the climate risksfaced by cities around Romania.
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