Tools for Improving Air Quality Management : A Review of Top-down Source Apportionment Techniques and Their Application in Developing Countries

Johnson, Todd M. ; Guttikunda, Sarath ; Wells, Gary J. ; Artaxo, Paulo ; Bond, Tami C. ; Russell, Armistead G. ; Watson, John G. ; West, Jason

World Bank, Washington, DC

关键词: AIR;    AIR POLLUTION;    AIR QUALITY;    AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT;    CARBON;   

RP-ID  :  81740

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

Building an effective air qualitymanagement system (AQMS) requires a process of continualimprovement, and the source apportionment techniquesdescribed in this report can contribute in a cost effectivemanner to improving existing systems or even as the firststep to begin an AQMS. This is good news for many developingcountry cities where the combination of rapid growth, dirtyfuels, and old and polluting technologies are overwhelmingthe capacities of cities to control air pollution. For thesecities, source apportionment offers policymakers practicaltools for identifying and quantifying the different sourcesof air pollution, and thereby increasing the ability to putin place effective policy measures to reduce air pollutionto acceptable levels. This report arises from a concern overthe lack of objective and scientifically-based informationon the contributions of different sources of air pollution,especially for fi ne particulate matter (PM), in developingcountries. PM is the air pollutant of most concern foradverse health effects, and in urban areas alone accountsfor approximately 800,000 premature deaths worldwide each year.