Kenya's new Constitution mandates anew era of public participation in government, particularlyin the 47 new County Governments. Despite the limitedparticipation in decisions regarding the vast majority ofgovernment spending, Kenya has a significant history withdirect participation in government, as this has been afeature in several of the government's devolved fundssuch as the Constituency Development Fund (CDF) and LocalAuthority Service Delivery Action Plans (LASDAP). Theobjective of this report is to provide lessons and draw onbest practices from previous Kenyan experiences withparticipation in local government, with a focus on how toeffectively implement public participation. The researchtherefore seeks to prompt dialogue, ideas and action amongstakeholders to follow through on the strong mandateprovided by the Constitution, both at the national and thecounty level. The report completes six case studies ofdirect public participation in local government, where caseswere selected for their reputation of strong participation.Two of the case studies looked at the operation of the LocalAuthority Service Delivery Action Plans (LASDAP), whichrequired citizen participation as part of the decentralizedLocal Authority Transfer Fund (LATF). Two of the casestudies examined citizen engagement in the ConstituencyDevelopment Fund (CDF) process, through which Members ofParliament spend discretionary funds in their localconstituencies. Finally, two case studies looked at howcitizens were engaged in overseeing the provision of waterservices through Water Action Groups (WAGs), consisting ofindividuals appointed by the water authority to reportcitizen complaints and monitor responses by the WaterService Providers (WSPs).
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