The Indigenous Knowledge for DevelopmentProgram, started in 1998, was the Bank's response toclients, and civil society who called for a more systematicintegration of the indigenous knowledge (IK) in thedevelopment process. The program developed partnerships, andcollaborative links with mostly nongovernmentalorganizations-operated IK resource centers in Africa, and,its objectives include raising awareness about the potentialuse of IK in development, disseminating pertinentinformation, and integrating IK into Bank projects, andcapacity building of local institutions. The note reviewsthe impact on the ground of Bank projects, of researchcooperation between NGOs, and/or other institutions onmedicinal plants, of sharing environmental managementprograms, and of information exchange and dissemination.Lessons address the need to recognize IK existing trends,and institutionalize selectively, while seeking partnershipsto foster the process with a national, local, andinstitutional official support. Moreover, lessons stress theneed for wider stakeholder involvement, to pursue, andenrich the development process.