During the 1970s and 1980s in Tanzania,there was a widespread perception, though a somewhat narrow,and inaccurate one, that high and accelerating rates ofdeforestation in some areas, was primarily being driven bydemand for woodfuel, and construction timber. In order totake a more comprehensive, and strategic view of the sector,the government launched the Tanzania Forestry Action Plan,which covered the period 1990/91-2007/08. The Bank-assistedTanzania Forest Resources Management Project (FRMP -1992/99) was formulated to implement the Action Plan, and togenerally improve forest management in Tanzania. The notelooks at the FRMP - aimed at strengthening the institutionsresponsible for developing forest, and land policies, aswell as regional, and district forestry services in selectedareas - through its impact on the ground, and provides anumber of lessons learned.