The Regulation and Supervision of Banks around the World : A New Database

Barth, James R. ; Caprio, Gerard ; Levine, Ross

World Bank, Washington, DC

关键词: AUDITING;    AUDITS;    BALANCE SHEET;    BANK ASSETS;    BANK OF SPAIN;   

DOI  :  10.1596/1813-9450-2588
RP-ID  :  WPS2588

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

International consultants on bankregulation, and supervision for developing countries, oftenbase their advice on how their home country does things, forlack of information on practice in other countries.Recommendations for reform have tended to be shaped by biasrather than facts. To better inform advice about bankregulation, and supervision, and to lower the marginal costof empirical research, the authors present, and discuss anew, and comprehensive database on the regulation, andsupervision of banks in a hundred and seven countries. Thedata, based on surveys sent to national bank regulatory,supervisory authorities, are now available to researchers,and policymakers around the world. The data cover suchaspects of banking as entry requirements, ownershiprestrictions, capital requirements, activity restrictions,external auditing requirements, characteristics of depositinsurance schemes, loan classification and provisioningrequirements, accounting and disclosure requirements,troubled bank resolution actions, and (uniquely) the qualityof supervisory personnel, and their actions. The databasepermits users to learn how banks are currently regulated,and supervised, and about bank structures, and depositinsurance schemes, for a broad cross-section of countries.In addition to describing the data, the authors show howvariables ay be grouped, and aggregated. They also show somesimple correlations among selected variables. In acomparison paper ("Bank regulation and supervision:What works best") studying the relationship betweendifferences in bank regulation and supervision, and bankperformance and stability, they conclude that: 1) Countrieswith policies that promote private monitoring of banks, havebetter bank performance, and more stability. Countries withmore generous deposit insurance schemes tend to have poorerbank performance, and more bank fragility. 2)Diversification of income streams, and loan portfolios - bynot restricting bank activities - also tends to improveperformance, and stability. (This works best when an activesecurities market exists). Countries in which banks areencouraged to diversify their portfolios, domestically andinternationally, suffer fewer crisis.