Reducing Maternal Mortality : Learning from Bolivia, China, Egypt, Honduras, Indonesia, Jamaica, and Zimbabwe

Koblinsky, Marjorie A.

Washington, DC:World Bank

关键词: ANTENATAL CARE;    BABIES;    BIRTHING CENTERS;    BIRTHRATE;    BIRTHS;   

DOI  :  10.1596/0-8213-5392-6
RP-ID  :  25953

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

Of the 515,000 maternal deaths thatoccur every year worldwide, 99 percent take place indeveloping countries. Women In the developing world have a 1in 48 chance of dying from pregnancy-related causes; theratio in industrial countries is 1 in 1,800. Of all thehuman development indicators, the greatest discrepancybetween industrial, and developing countries is in maternalhealth. The stimulus for this study was the question - Cancurrent program strategies reduce maternal mortality fasterthat the decades required in the historically successfulcountries of Malaysia, and Sri Lanka? The answer was no.Based on case studies in seven selected countries, the studystipulates the factor common to all reviewed programs, isthe high availability of a provider who is, either a skilledbirth attendant, or closely connected with a capablereferral system. A second common factor is the highavailability of facilities that can provide basic, andessential obstetric care. But, unlike historic successeshowever, strong government policy now focuses explicitly onsafe motherhood, and sets the tone for programs in most ofthe selected countries. Another difference between the casestudies selected, and that in historically successfulcountries, is the financing of services: while service werefree to families in Malaysia and Sri Lanka, costs of safemotherhood services are now substantial, and a majordeterrent to use.