Macroeconomic Adjustment and thePoor : Analytical Issues and Cross-Country Evidence

Agé ; nor, Pierre-Richard

World Bank, Washington, D.C.

关键词: EMPLOYMENT;    EXCHANGE RATES;    GROWTH RATES;    ILLITERACY;    INCOME INEQUALITY;   

DOI  :  10.1596/1813-9450-2788
RP-ID  :  WPS2788

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

The author studies the links betweenmacroeconomic adjustment and poverty. First, he summarizessome of the recent evidence on poverty in the developingworld. Second, he reviews the various channels through whichmacroeconomic policies affect the poor. Third, the authoremphasizes the role of the labor market. He develops ananalytical framework that captures some of the main featuresof the urban labor market in developing countries andstudies the effects of fiscal adjustment on wages,employment, and poverty. Fourth, he presents cross-countryregressions linking various macroeconomic and structuralvariables to poverty. The author finds that output growthand real exchange rate depreciations tend to lower poverty,while illiteracy, income inequality, and macroeconomicvolatility tend to increase poverty. In addition, the impactof growth on poverty appears to be asymmetric, and to resultfrom a significant relationship between episodes ofincreasing poverty and negative growth rates.