In recent years, electronic finance,especially online banking, and brokerage services, hasreshaped the financial landscape. This paper reviews thesedevelopments, and analyzes their implications for consumers,governments, and financial service providers. First, itreviews the e-finance (r)evolution in emerging, and othermarkets, and projects its future growth. It then analyzese-finance impact on the structure of, and competition in thefinancial services industry. After that, it assesses howe-finance, and globalization more generally, affectsfinancial sector policies in emerging markets, including theneed for changes in the approach to financial sectordevelopment. The paper then examines governments'changing role in the financial sector, and identifiesopportunities that e-finance offers countries to leapfrog.Finally, the paper includes for policymakers, and othersinvolved in financial sector reform in emerging markets,detailed information, and Web links on public policyactivities related to e-finance.