Aid and Reform in Africa : Lessons from Ten Case Studies

Devarajan, Shantayanan ; Dollar, David R. ; Holmgren, Torgny

Washington, DC:World Bank

关键词: ADJUSTMENT ASSISTANCE;    ADJUSTMENT LOANS;    AID;    AID ALLOCATION;    AID FLOWS;   

DOI  :  10.1596/0-8213-4669-5
RP-ID  :  22118

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

This book synthesizes the findings fromten case studies that investigate whether, when, and howforeign aid affected economic policy in Africa, and revealsthe range of African policy experience. Results variedenormously, for example, while Ghana and Uganda weresuccessful reformers that grew rapidly reducing poverty,Cote d'Ivoire and Ethiopia have shown significantreform recently, but its sustainability remains to be seen,and, in other countries, policies changed little, or evenworsened. Based on the World Bank's Country Policy andInstitutional Assessment, the study relates foreign aid inthe 1990s, to a measure of overall economic policy, a broadmeasure that covers macroeconomic management, as well aseffectiveness of the public sector in providing essentialservices for growth, and poverty reduction. In assessingaid, and reform policy, the study subdivides these countriesin three groups: the post-socialist reformers (Ethiopia,Mali and Tanzania); the mixed reformers (Cote d'Ivoire,Kenya and Zambia), and the non-reformers (The DemocraticRepublic of Congo - Zaire - and Nigeria). Although defining"good policy", and how to measure it may becontroversial, research and experience established a fairknowledge: absence of high inflation, functioning foreignexchange, openness to foreign trade, effective rule of law,and delivery of key services. Conclusions stipulate that keyto successful reform, is a political movement for change;that key to beneficial aid is its disbursement alongsideactual policy improvements; and, that technical assistance,and policy dialogue should continue a high level of financein productive environments.