The petroleum sector is not very welldeveloped at the present time in Rwanda. The only petroleumrelated activity at this time in Rwanda is the extraction ofdissolved methane from the waters of Lake Kivu. This reportis the result of a short term consulting contract with theWorld Bank Group and FJG energy advisors concluded onSeptember 1st 2009. This report is a result of a mission toRwanda September 12th-25th, 2009. It is not intended as anin depth analysis of the capacity needs for the petroleumsector in Rwanda, as this was completed in March 2009 bybridge consult AS, but rather as an evaluation of the'practical and operational' perspectives indeveloping a local petroleum industry focused onexploration. Further advice in dealing with potentialinterested companies was also offered in the context of anoverarching petroleum policy. The main objectives of theassignment were to: enhance the familiarity on the part ofkey government officials with the main technical andeconomic concepts of the petroleum exploration andproduction industry; develop understanding within Governmentof Rwanda of the potential impacts (positive and negative)of an active petroleum exploration and production industryin a developing country; familiarize government officialswith the fundamental policy issues they will face aspetroleum exploration and development activities unfold inRwanda with an emphasis on those up-front policy decisionsneeded at the earliest phases of activity; and prepare keyofficials to take a front line role in policy formulationand negotiation with private investors.