Government interventions in energymarkets have many effects on the poor. But there has beenlittle measurement of these effects, making it hard to knowexactly what the effects of a project have been, and hard tocompare those of different interventions. This could berectified by building impact indicators into energy projectsat the design phase--and doing so consistently andsystematically, across countries and over time. This Notediscusses the development of suitable indicators. First,agreement is needed on workable definitionsof poverty andwhat would constitute welfare improvements for the poor.Then there must be explicit hypotheses on how specificelements of energy projects, individually or together,affect the poor. Finally, the indicators must be based ondata tha can be realistically be collected in real-lifelow-income communities, in real-life developing countries.