The Republic of Congo covers an area of342,000 square kilometers (km), of which forests occupythree-fifths, the rest being dominated by savannah. Oil haslong been the principal resource of Congo. Since the firstexploitations were launched in 1970, the oil sector hasbecome the dominant economic activity and major source ofincome for the state. The growth rate in real terms was 8.8percent in 2010, with gross domestic product (GDP) percapita reaching $4532. In 2010, GDP nearly reached two digitgrowths, driven up by a significant increase of oilproduction, by reinforcement of non-oil activities, inparticular forest industry, construction andtelecommunications. The Government made development of themining sector a priority to diversify the economy. Thepresent review of the mining sector, led by World Bank inpartnership with the Ministry of Geology and Mining, aims toupdate and understand further these characterizations, todocument the prospects and challenges of mining developmentand to prioritize actions that optimize the sector'scontribution to economic diversification and sustainabledevelopment. This review of mining sector helped tocharacterize the issues of governance in following fourareas: (1) promotion of geological heritage and mineralresources; (2) facilitating entry into production; (3)continuous improvement of the political, institutional,legal and regulatory framework; and (4) optimization of thesector's contribution to diversification. After thisstudy, an action plan to improve the mining sector can be outlined.
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