This package is designed to assessthe needs of young children in communities heavily affectedby the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The assessment providesinformation about the household, family, the main caregiverof young children, each child under 8 years of age, theirbasic needs (housing, food, clothes, bedding, dailyactivities, health, education and childcare), and unmetneeds. The information from the assessment is intended to beused to design service programs, targeted to the needs ofthese young children and their families. The needsassessment is carried out through use of a survey ofhouseholds in the area served by the organization, sometimescalled the .catchment. area. We have based this survey onthe commonly used technique of cluster sampling, because weassumed that the size of the population and lack of accuratemapping and census data would prohibit either a survey ofall households in the catchment area or simple randomsampling. A survey instrument, definitions, script for theinterviewer, and training materials are included in thepackage. The software that accompanies this package includesa program for analysis and generation of reports.