Review of the Urban Transport Sector in the Russian Federation : Transition to Long-Term Sustainability

Oh, JungEun ; Gwilliam, Kenneth

关键词: AIR;    AIR POLLUTANTS;    AIR POLLUTION;    ATMOSPHERIC EMISSIONS;    AUTOMOBILE;   

RP-ID  :  77979

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

Russian cities are undergoing criticaleconomic and social changes that affect the performance andcondition of their urban transport systems. While thepopulation of most large cities in Russia (over one millionresidents) has remained relatively unchanged over the lastdecade, the average income of the urban dwellers has sharplyincreased. The number of private cars per capita hasincreased rapidly, generating a demand for urban mobilitywhich is increasingly difficult to meet. This review of theurban transport sector in the Russian Federation (theReview, hereafter) aims to assess the current condition andperformance of urban transport systems in medium-to-largesize Russian cities and to identify key issues andunderlying causes. The review principally covers software ofurban transport in the secondary cities of Russia, includinginstitutional arrangements, legal and regulatory issues,operation of public transport systems, traffic management,and parking, and less extensively hardware aspects, such asconstruction of road network.