Women and men use rural and urbantransport for different purposes based on their sociallydetermined roles and responsibilities. Poor rural transportsystems limit access to markets, education, and healthservices for all, but even more so for women and girls.Female mobility is often constrained by heavy domesticwork-loads and time spent traveling by foot, carrying heavyloads over rough trails. Time poverty combines with culturalrestrictions to limit women's and girls' economic,educational opportunities and participation in communitydecision-making, particularly for ethnic minority women inremote mountainous areas. Gender differences in mobility andaccess are also affected by ability to pay for transportservices. Most women have more limited access to financialand other resources, and inadequate voice in local leveltransport priority setting than men. Gender and Transportcapacity building needs to be grounded in practical, on-theground country realities in the transport sector and draw onthe experience of transport specialists who have addressedgender in their work or clearly understand the entry points.Participatory gender and transport capacity building thatprovides opportunities for applying what is learned totransport problems is more effective than a lecture format.
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