The Romanian government recognizes thatthere are current and future problems related to the risk ofold-age poverty among elderly farmers, and has been workingon sustainable solutions to avert this risk. The mainobjective of this report is to provide recommendations tothe policy makers in Romania in designing a non-contributoryprogram for poor elderly, including farmers. To this end,the report (i) evaluates the current semi-subsistencefarming structure and the income situation of farmers inRomania, including access to EU support programs; (ii)provides an overview of the social protection currentlyavailable to elderly farmers in Romania through the existingsocial insurance and social assistance system; and (iii)presents options for a non-contributory scheme for theelderly poor, including farmers, and analyzes the fiscal andpoverty impact and the administrative feasibility of each option.