The Ministry of Health, Ghana, isengaged in developing new Human Resources for Health (HRH)Strategy (2001-15); one that tries to draw on some of theevidence pertaining to the dynamics of the health labormarket. This study is one of several efforts by the WorldBank to support the Ministry of Health in its endeavor todevelop a new evidence based HRH strategy. Using qualitativeresearch (focus group discussions), this study carries out amicroeconomic labor analysis of health worker career choiceand of job behavior. The study shows how common problemsrelated to distribution or performance of HRH are driven bythe behavior of health workers themselves and are determinedlargely by select monetary and nonmonetary compensation.Such findings generate insights that provide a startingpoint for further analysis and a basis for the developmentof effective human resources for health policies.