The Impact of Early Childhood Education on Early Achievement Gaps : Evidence from the Indonesia Early Childhood Education and Development Project

Jung, Haeil ; Hasan, Amer

World Bank, Washington, DC

关键词: ACHIEVEMENT;    ADOLESCENCE;    AGING;    AVERAGE SCORE;    BASIC EDUCATION;   

DOI  :  10.1596/1813-9450-6794
RP-ID  :  WPS6794

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

This paper assesses whether theIndonesia Early Childhood Education and Development projecthad an impact on early achievement gaps as measured by anarray of child development outcomes and enrollment. Theanalysis is based on longitudinal data collected in 2009 and2010 on approximately 3,000 four-year-old children residingin 310 villages located in nine districts across Indonesia.The study begins by documenting the intent-to-treat impactof the project. It then compares the achievement gapsbetween richer and poorer children living in projectvillages with those of richer and poorer children living innon-project villages. There is clear evidence that inproject villages, the achievement gap between richer andpoorer children decreased on many dimensions. By contrast,in non-project villages, this gap either increased or stayedconstant. Given Indonesia's interest in increasingaccess to early childhood services for all children, and theneed to ensure more efficient spending on education, thepaper discusses how three existing policies and programscould be leveraged to ensure that Indonesia's visionfor holistic, integrated early childhood services becomes areality. The lessons from Indonesia's experience applymore broadly to countries seeking to reduce earlyachievement gaps and expand access to pre-primary education.