Sustainable and Smart Cities

Kahn, Matthew E.

World Bank, Washington, DC

关键词: ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY;    ACIDS;    ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE;    AGGREGATE DEMAND;    AGGREGATE SUPPLY;   

DOI  :  10.1596/1813-9450-6878
RP-ID  :  WPS6878

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

This paper explores the challenges andopportunities that government officials face in designingcoherent 'rules of the game' for achieving urbansustainability during times of growth. Sustainability isjudged by three criteria. The first involves elements ofday-to-day quality of life, such as having clean air andwater and green space. The provision of these public goodshas direct effects on the urban public's health andproductivity. The second focuses on the city'sgreenhouse gas emissions. Developing cities are investing innew infrastructure, from highways and public transit systemsto electricity generation and transmission. They arebuilding water treatment, water delivery, and sewagedisposal systems. Residents of these cities aresimultaneously making key decisions about where they liveand work and whether to buy such energy-consuming durablesas private vehicles and home air-conditioning units. Giventhe long-lived durability of the capital stock, short-termdecisions will have long-term effects on the city'scarbon footprint. The third criterion is a city'sresilience to natural disasters and extreme weather events.This subsection focuses on how the urban poor can be betterequipped to adapt to the anticipated challenges of climate change.