This policy note assesses the potentialof foreign direct investment (FDI) to diversify Lesotho sexports. Lesotho must preserve capacity to produce more andbetter goods, seek new markets, preserve existingmanufacturing jobs, undertake structural and institutionalreforms, and take advantage of its location inside SouthAfrica. Given the low savings in the country, as well asmajor fiscal challenges arising from declines in SACUrevenues which leave fewer resources for public investments,and most crucially the need for internationalentrepreneurial know-how, the prospects for growth in newsectors will depend on the country s ability to attract newforeign direct investments, particularly from South Africa.This note also addresses the policy and structuralconstraints that must be overcome to attract FDI.