Export Diversification in Twelve European and Central Asian Countries and the Role of the Commodity Boom

Varela, Gonzalo J.

World Bank, Washington, DC

关键词: BENCHMARK;    BENCHMARKING;    COMMODITY PRICE;    COMMODITY PRICES;    COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE;   

DOI  :  10.1596/1813-9450-6472
RP-ID  :  WPS6472

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

This paper examines exportdiversification along the product and market dimensions forselected countries in the Europe and Central Asia regionand, more generally, export performance. While the latter isextraordinary, with average export growth rates above 10percent, the evidence on diversification is less impressive,and hints at a role played by the interaction of naturalresource abundance and the commodity price boom. Across-country analysis including 171 economies suggests thatthe region's resource rich countries are lessdiversified than would be expected given their resourceendowments, level of development, and size.The commodityboom period was associated with an increase in concentrationfor the resource rich along the product dimension: they didnot increase the number of products exported and became morereliant on oil and gas. During the same period, the resourcepoor increased their export product scope while maintainingother concentration indices unchanged. A similar but milderpattern is found for diversification along the destination dimension.