This study was done at an opportune timein Sri Lanka's history: with end of the war there ishope for the country's peace, prosperity, and growth.To encourage economic growth, this study examines how hightechnology can drive competitiveness in key export-orientedindustries and help build a strong Sri Lankan knowledgeeconomy. The study examines global experience from economiesaround the world, but particularly several in SoutheastAsia, to provide guidance on the role of nationalgovernments in enabling the development of a high-techexport sector and the application of high technologies indomestic production. More specifically, it reviews publicpolicies, strategies, and investments in comparablecountries that have been successful in promoting theabsorption and use of high technologies for competitiveness,and applies lessons to Sri Lanka.