This Agriculture Public ExpenditureReview (AgPER) comprehensively reviews public expenditureson agriculture in Uganda and analyzes their efficiency andeffectiveness. Its genesis lies in Agriculture SectorWorking Group (A-SWG) discussions, especially during thebudget process, which raised concerns about the seeminglylow budget allocations to the sector and the failure toalign limited resources with recognized priorities in thesector. To address these concerns, the A-SWG resolved toundertake this AgPER. Aside from providing a betterunderstanding of the nature and composition of agriculturalpubic expenditures in Uganda, the review will specificallyanalyze their efficiency and effectiveness with a view toidentifying the types of expenditures that will promotepro-poor growth. The report is structured as follows.Section two analyzes trends in nominal and real sectorbudgets. It highlights the current and projected importanceof agricultural sector expenditure in the national budgetand gross domestic product (GDP). An analysis ofagricultural price distortions indicates the extent to whichthe sector benefits from supportive policies. Section threedescribes budget planning and implementation at the nationaland local level and presents policy recommendations toimprove those processes. Section four focuses on thetechnical efficiency of public spending. By trackingresource flows and analyzing the unit costs of goods andservice delivery. Section four sheds light on whether publicresources are used efficiently and which actions couldimprove efficiency. The concluding section summarizes themajor findings and policy recommendations.