Since joining the Bologna process in2005, the Armenian government and higher educationinstitutions have made significant progress in reforming thehigher education system. Despite reforms, the publicperception of higher education governance and management ispoor. Reasons for the poor public perception of highereducation governance are primarily embedded in system-widefactors. Recent research has identified a governancestructure and regulatory framework as key to the developmentof overall higher education systems. The study finds thatunderperformance of the higher education system isassociated with a legal framework that lacks coherence andthe entire system lacks capacity to effectively exerciseautonomy and accountability.