Research on Equity, Poverty and Health Outcomes : Lessons for the Developing World

Wagstaff, Adam

World Bank, Washington, DC

关键词: ACCESSIBILITY;    ADULT MORTALITY;    AGED;    AGRICULTURE;    ALCOHOL;   

RP-ID  :  28908

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

This paper provides a selective surveyof the literature to date on poverty, equity and healthoutcomes. It begins with an overview of the methods that canbe used to measure poor/non-poor inequalities in healthoutcomes, and then reviews the evidence on the extent ofthese inequalities in low and middle-income countries(LMICs). The data presented relate mostly to children, butsome results are also presented on adults. The paper thenpresents a conceptual framework for understanding the causesof poor/non-poor inequalities in health outcomes,distinguishing between the effects of inequalities in theproximate determinants of health, and inequalities in thesocioeconomic or underlying determinants. The paper goes onto review the evidence on what these determinants are, andhow far inequalities in them appear to explain inequalitiesin health outcomes. The final part of the paper examines theinfluence of policies and programs on inequalities in healthoutcomes, reviewing both studies that shed light on theeffects of broad policies.