Export Entrepreneurship and Trade Structure in Latin America during Good and Bad Times

Fernandes, Ana M. ; Lederman, Daniel ; Gutierrez-Rocha, Mario

World Bank, Washington, DC

关键词: ACCOUNTING;    AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES;    ANNUAL GROWTH;    APPAREL;    CD;   

DOI  :  10.1596/1813-9450-6413
RP-ID  :  WPS6413

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

The authors use a new dataset on exporttransactions for a large set of Latin American and Caribbeanand comparator countries to assess the extent of"export entrepreneurship" during periods of fastexport growth (2005-2007) and depressed external demand(2008-2009). Export entrepreneurship is equated with theextensive margin of exports, namely the advent of newexporting firms, new export products, and new export marketdestinations. The main findings are: (1) annual exporterentry, exit, and survival rates in Latin America and theCaribbean are quite similar to what is observed in othercountries, and entry rates across sectors are quite similarbut survival rates appear to be highest in agriculture; (2)the relative size of entrants into export markets (relativeto incumbents) tended to be lower for naturalresource-abundant countries during 2005-2007, but less soduring the crisis years of 2008-2009; (3) entry rates tendto be lower in sectors in which a country has revealedcomparative advantage, however, exit rates and survivalrates of new exporters are higher in those sectors; and (4)the low growth of exports during the global recession of2008-2009 in Latin America and the Caribbean was due tolower growth in exports of incumbent firms'pre-existing products and destinations, while new productsand destinations tended to attenuate the recession'seffects. Overall, the data suggest that the Latin Americanand Caribbean region appears to be no less entrepreneurialin terms of the extensive margins of exports than comparator countries.