The purpose of this study is to help thegovernment of Bangladesh establish a more effective andefficient civil service to move the country toward its goalsfor social and economic development. The report begins byexamining the scope of previous civil service reforminitiatives in Bangladesh and the reasons why their trackrecord has been so poor. This investigation focuses on civilservice management practices, such as recruitment, training,performance evaluation, promotion, and career management.The rules and practices guiding these elements of personnelmanagement most directly affect civil servantsbehavior andtheir approach to their tasks. Although Bangladesh s civilservice comprises nearly a million officials, this study isdeliberately restricted to a small group - the Class Iofficers, who make up only 10 percent of the civil service.This group is at the tip of the civil service pyramid; ithas the potential to function as the spearhead of reform.The study makes two major recommendations: Give additionalemphasis to merit in managing the civil service; and focuson the fundamentals of civil service reform, where tinkeringat the edges has been unproductive, by building a strongerlegal framework, more independent oversight, and bettertools for managing performance.