China's (Uneven) ProgressAgainst Poverty

Ravallion, Martin ; Chen, Shaohua

World Bank, Washington, D.C.

关键词: ABSOLUTE POVERTY;    COST OF LIVING;    COST OF LIVING ADJUSTMENT;    COUNTERFACTUAL;    CPI;   

DOI  :  10.1596/1813-9450-3408
RP-ID  :  WPS3408

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

While the incidence of extreme povertyin China fell dramatically over 1980-2001, progress wasuneven over time and across provinces. Rural areas accountedfor the bulk of the gains to the poor, though migration tourban areas helped. The pattern of growth mattered. Ruraleconomic growth was far more important to national povertyreduction than urban economic growth. Agriculture played afar more important role than the secondary or tertiarysources of gross domestic product (GDP). Rising inequalitywithin the rural sector greatly slowed poverty reduction.Provinces starting with relatively high inequality sawslower progress against poverty, due both to lower growthand a lower growth elasticity of poverty reduction. Taxationof farmers and inflation hurt the poor. External trade hadlittle short-term impact.