During the 1990s, most countries in theLatin American region undertook major reforms of their watersupply industries. Chile was the first to attempt tomodernize its water sector with new legislation passed asearly as 1988. By 1991, both Argentina and Mexico werebeginning to conduct a series of experiments with privatesector participation (PSP). In a second wave, Peru,Colombia, and Bolivia enacted ambitious new legislation inthe mid-1990s, and during the second half of the decade,reform began to take root in Brazil and Central America. Bythe end of the 1990s, nearly all countries had completedreforms, had major reforms in process, or were activelyconsidering reforms.