This brief looks at the challenge ofbuilding capacity in post-conflict countries, reviewsoptions for creating capacity, and identifies trade-offsbetween a rapid result and longer-term impacts of capacitystrategies. Six lessons for more sustainable approaches tocapacity building are identified: (a) leadership matters,(b) incentives also matter, (c) build on what exists, (d)arrange learning activities within a country whereverpossible, (e) training needs to be defined in its strategiccapacity, and (f) training should build on the comparativeadvantage of international partners.