It is generally believed thatinformation and communication technologies (ICTs) canempower teachers and learners, promote change and foster thedevelopment of '21st century skills, but data tosupport these beliefs are still limited. There is widespreadbelief that ICTs can and will empower teachers and learners,transforming teaching and learning processes from beinghighly teacher-dominated to student-centered, and that thistransformation will result in increased learning gains forstudents, creating and allowing for opportunities forlearners to develop their creativity, problem-solvingabilities, informational reasoning skills, communicationskills, and other higher-order thinking skills. However,there are currently very limited, unequivocally compellingdata to support this belief.