On the Quantity and Quality ofKnowledge: The Impact of Openness and Foreign Research andDevelopment on North-North and North-South Technology Spillovers

Schiff, Maurice ; Wang, Yanling

World Bank, Washington, D.C.

关键词: INTERNATIONAL TRADE;    TRADE LIBERALIZATION;    QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS;    QUANTITATIVE DATA;    RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT;   

DOI  :  10.1596/1813-9450-3190
RP-ID  :  WPS3190

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

Knowledge accumulation means either newknowledge (an increase in its quality), greater access toexisting knowledge (an increase in its quantity), or both.The authors examine the relative contribution of these twocomponents of knowledge to total factor productivity (TFP)for North-North and North-South trade-related knowledgediffusion, with quantity, proxied by openness, and qualityby the research and development (R&D) content of trade.The measure of foreign R&D used in the literature ontrade-related knowledge diffusion, imposes equalcontributions to TFP of openness, and of R&D content oftrade. The authors' analysis show that R&D has agreater impact on TFP, than openness for North-North tradeand, conversely, openness has a greater impact on TFP, thanR&D for North-South trade. These results imply that theimpact of openness on TFP in developing (industrial)countries is larger (smaller) than previously obtained inthis literature, and that developing countries can obtainlarger productivity gains from trade liberalization thanpreviously thought.