World Bank missions to Ghana wereundertaken in June and October 1999 as part of a diagnosisof M&E capacities and related development options inGhana. The government has an ambitious program of reform toimprove public sector management-reforms planned orunderway include a significant downsizing of the publicsector, an ongoing review of its functions and structures, amedium-term expenditure framework (MTEF), performance plansfor ministries, departments and agencies, performanceagreements for senior civil servants, and extensivebeneficiary surveys. An important feature of Ghana is thatit is a pilot country for the Comprehensive DevelopmentFramework (CDF). One of the pillars of the CDF is resultsand accountability, pilot countries are strongly encouragedto embrace a results based management framework and to fullyembrace dialogue with civil society. The building of M&Ecapacities is a key vehicle to help ensure governments havethe ability to measure and report on developmenteffectiveness, to identify appropriate policy responses, andto engage civil society and NGOs more fully in theseprocesses. Such national capacity-building also provides acounterpart to the M&E capacities of donors, which havebeen the focal point for results orientation in the past.