Japan entered its period of rapideconomic growth in the late 1950s, and for half a centurysince then, the concentration of population, industries, andother functions in three major metropolitan areas,particularly in Tokyo, was remarkably intense. For thewell-balanced development of Greater Tokyo metropolitanarea, comprising Tokyo and seven prefectures, the Nationalcapital region development plan (NCRDP) was formulated in1958 under the National region development act 1956. Theconcept of the plan was to conserve green spaces thatembraces the healthy natural environment as well as to carryout the comprehensive development of the Tokyo Metropolisand the surrounding regions as an integrated capital regionin order to build a capital region that is suitable for thecenter of politics, economy and culture. At present, Japanis entering an era of substantial decline and aging of thepopulation decline, which requires to reexamine all plansand policies for reconstructing the society. It is thereforeof great importance to reorganize town areas in a compactform, to respond to the problems of uninhabited or abandonedland and dwellings, as well as to strategically manage andrenew social capital.
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