Bangladesh is one of the most climatevulnerable countries in the world. Situated in the delta ofthe Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Meghna (GBM) rivers, thecountry is exposed to a range of river and rainwater floodhazards due to climate variability, the timing, location,and extent of which depend on precipitation in the entireGBM basin. The Government of Bangladesh is fully committedto global climate-change advocacy and action, having alreadyinvested heavily in adaptation measures and policies. Inrecent decades, the government has invested more than US$10billion to protect its population and assets in thefloodplains. Given the uncertain magnitude and timing of theadded risks from climate change, it is essential to identifythe costs of climate proofing Bangladesh's criticalinfrastructure from intensified monsoon floods and cyclonicstorm surges. Previously, few if any detailed studies havebeen developed on the costs of climate-proofing thecountry's infrastructure assets from inland monsoonfloods and cyclones. Most analytical work to date has beenconfined to case studies, with relatively limited sets oflocations, impacts, and adaptation measures. This study aimsto fill that knowledge gap by providing detailed vulnerablepopulation estimates and estimates of the incremental costsof asset adaptation out to the year 2050. It is part of alarger World Bank-supported study, entitled Economics ofAdaptation to Climate Change (EACC), funded by thegovernments of the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and Switzerland.
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