The Long-Run and Gender-Equalizing Impacts of School Access : Evidence from the First Indochina War

Dang, Hai-Anh H. ; Hoang, Trung X. ; Nguyen, Ha

World Bank, Washington, DC

关键词: EDUCATION;    LITERACY;    DIFFERENCE-IN-DIFFERENCE;    LONG-TERM IMPACT;    WAR;   

DOI  :  10.1596/1813-9450-8480
RP-ID  :  WPS8480

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

Very few studies currently exist on thelong-term impacts of schooling policies in developingcountries. This paper examines the impacts -- half a centurylater -- of a mass education program conducted by theDemocratic Republic of Vietnam in the occupied areas duringthe First Indochina War. Difference-in-difference estimationresults suggest that school-age children who were exposed tothe program obtained significantly higher levels ofeducation than their peers who were residing inFrench-occupied areas. The impacts are statisticallysignificant for school-age girls and not for school-ageboys. The analysis finds beneficial spillover andinter-generational impacts of education: affected girlsenjoyed higher household living standards, had more educatedspouses, and raised more educated children. The paperdiscusses various robustness checks and extensions thatsupport these findings.