Understanding the Livelihoods of Former Insurgents : Aceh, Indonesia

Tajima, Yuhki

World Bank, Jakarta

关键词: ABUSES;    ACCOUNTING;    AGRICULTURE;    ARMED CONFLICT;    BANK LOANS;   

RP-ID  :  68074

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

This paper documents significantdifferences in the impacts the war in Aceh had onex-combatants and civilians and how these differences shapedthe post-war decision-making processes of their households.Because of the overwhelming percentage of the ex-combatantpopulation in rural areas (over 90 percent), particularattention is paid to the agricultural sector. The secondsection provides summary statistics of formercombatants' household and individual characteristics,and economic conditions. In order to place the economicconditions of former combatants in context, the section willinclude a comparison of former combatants with civilians.After the end of the war, ex-combatants were found to havefewer assets, more injuries, and lower educationalattainment than civilians. After providing an overview ofthe economic welfare of former combatants and civilians, ananalytical framework is developed in the third section thatwill be used to understand the variation in economicoutcomes of former combatants. The framework will drawconnections between the varying degree to which war affectsindividuals and communities to the post-war decisions andprocesses that lead to differences in ex-combatants'economic outcomes. In the fourth section, field data fromnine village case studies from three districts in Aceh willbe marshaled to place the analytical framework in thecontext of Aceh. In particular, the framework and field datasuggest that the more limited physical and human capitalendowments constrained the choices of former combatantssince they had to maintain enough liquidity to meet theirconsumption needs rather than being able to invest in moreproductive activities. The fifth section will outlinevarious hypotheses that emerge from the analytical frameworkas well as from the qualitative data and section six willassess the various hypotheses on the statistical evidencefrom the ARLS data. Thus, section six will provide a broadassessment of the observable implications of the analyticalframework developed in sections three and four. Inparticular, ex-combatants with fewer assets and a lack ofaccess to capital were more likely to have lower incomes andto engage in quickly maturing, but lower return, economicactivities. The paper will conclude with an examination ofthe implications of the findings for reintegration anddevelopment policy in Aceh as well as for other post-warcontexts elsewhere.