Paralleling the increasing disparitiesin income and wealth worldwide since the 1980s, cities indeveloping countries have witnessed the emergence of agrowing divergence of lifestyles, particularly within themiddle classes, reinforced by the widening gap between thequality of public and private educational and health careinstitutions, spatial segregation, gated communities, andexclusive semiprivate amenities. This erosion of socialcohesion and citizenship in urban society has sharpened thegrowing perception and reality of exclusion. This book isarranged as follows: (i) chapter one discusses on thegrowing importance of inclusion in urban areas; (ii) chaptertwo describes trends affecting social inclusion in urbanareas; (iii) chapter three focuses on infrastructure andpublic services: a powerful tool to promote socialinclusion; (iv) chapter four explains restoring the socialfunction of public space; (v) chapter five deals with accessto land: a critical factor at the core of inclusion andexclusion; (vi) chapter six describes the erosion ofinclusive options for affordable housing; (vii) chapterseven talks about generating revenues to finance urbanimprovements: land-based financing; (viii) chapter eightfocuses on the right to the city; (ix) chapter ninedescribes Nongovernmental Organizations (NGO) andCommunity-Based Organizations (CBO) as strategic partners indriving the implementation of inclusionary programs; and (x)chapter ten has concluding remarks.
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